Segmentação 3D dos dentes desde a recuperação de dados até o resultado final. Aproximadamente.
Isenção de responsabilidade
Este artigo não é educacional em nenhum sentido deste termo e é puramente informativo. O autor do artigo não se responsabiliza pelo tempo gasto em sua leitura.
Sobre o autor
Tipo - todos, o nome é Andrey (27). Vou tentar ser curto. Por que programar? Pela formação - bacharel em mecânica elétrica, conheço a profissão. Trabalhei por 2 anos como engenheiro de energia em uma empresa de perfuração com bastante sucesso, em vez de uma promoção, escrevi um comunicado - queimei, mas não foi para mim. Gosto de criar, encontrar soluções para problemas complexos, com um PC em um abraço desde anos de consciência. A escolha é óbvia. No início (seis meses atrás), pensei seriamente em me inscrever em cursos de I ou similares. Li as resenhas, conversei com os participantes e percebi que não houve problemas para obter informações. Então eu encontrei o site, Eu consegui uma base Python lá e comecei minha jornada com ela (agora estou estudando gradualmente tudo relacionado ao ML lá). Imediatamente interessado em aprendizado de máquina, currículo em particular. Tive um problema e aqui estou (para mim, é uma ótima maneira de aprender).
1. Introdução
Como resultado de várias tentativas sem sucesso, tomei a decisão de usar 2 modelos leves para obter o resultado desejado. O primeiro segmento todos os dentes como uma categoria [1, 0], e o segundo os divide nas categorias [0, 8]. Mas vamos começar em ordem.
2. Pesquisa e preparação de dados
Depois de passar mais de uma noite procurando dados para o trabalho, cheguei à conclusão de que uma mandíbula livre de boa qualidade e formato (* .stl, * .nrrd, etc.) não funcionaria. O melhor que encontrei foi uma amostra de teste da cabeça de um paciente após uma cirurgia na mandíbula no 3D Slicer .
Obviamente, não preciso do cabeçote inteiro, então cortei a fonte no mesmo programa para o tamanho 163 * 112 * 120px (neste post {x * y * z = wdh} e 1px - 0,5 mm), deixando apenas o dentes e partes maxilofaciais associadas.
, - . . , - "autothreshold" , , , , ( ).
12~14. , 4 . , .
, ( ) , . , , N- , random-crop .
import nrrd
import torch
import torchvision.transforms as tf
class DataBuilder:
def __init__(self,
data_path,
list_of_categories,
num_of_chunks: int = 0,
augmentation_coeff: int = 0,
num_of_classes: int = 0,
normalise: bool = False,
fit: bool = True,
data_format: int = 0,
save_data: bool = False
):
self.data_path = data_path
self.number_of_chunks = num_of_chunks
self.augmentation_coeff = augmentation_coeff
self.list_of_cats = list_of_categories
self.num_of_cls = num_of_classes
self.normalise = normalise
self.fit = fit
self.data_format = data_format
self.save_data = save_data
def forward(self):
data = self.get_data()
data = self.fit_data(data) if self.fit else data
data = self.pre_normalize(data) if self.normalise else data
data = self.data_augmentation(data, self.augmentation_coeff) if self.augmentation_coeff != 0 else data
data = self.new_chunks(data, self.number_of_chunks) if self.number_of_chunks != 0 else data
data = self.category_splitter(data, self.num_of_cls, self.list_of_cats) if self.num_of_cls != 0 else data
torch.save(data, self.data_path[-14:]+'.pt') if self.save_data else None
return torch.unsqueeze(data, 1)
def get_data(self):
if self.data_format == 0:
return torch.from_numpy(nrrd.read(self.data_path)[0])
elif self.data_format == 1:
return torch.load(self.data_path).cpu()
elif self.data_format == 2:
return torch.unsqueeze(self.data_path, 0).cpu()
else:
print('Available types are: "nrrd", "tensor" or "self.tensor(w/o load)"')
@staticmethod
def fit_data(some_data):
data = torch.movedim(some_data, (1, 0), (0, -1))
data_add_x = torch.nn.ZeroPad2d((5, 0, 0, 0))
data = data_add_x(data)
data = torch.movedim(data, -1, 0)
data_add_z = torch.nn.ZeroPad2d((0, 0, 8, 0))
return data_add_z(data)
@staticmethod
def pre_normalize(some_data):
min_d, max_d = torch.min(some_data), torch.max(some_data)
return (some_data - min_d) / (max_d - min_d)
@staticmethod
def data_augmentation(some_data, aug_n):
torch.manual_seed(17)
tr_data = []
for e in range(aug_n):
transform = tf.RandomRotation(degrees=(20*e, 20*e))
for image in some_data:
image = torch.unsqueeze(image, 0)
image = transform(image)
tr_data.append(image)
return tr_data
def new_chunks(self, some_data, n_ch):
data = torch.stack(some_data, 0) if self.augmentation_coeff != 0 else some_data
data = torch.squeeze(data, 1)
chunks = torch.chunk(data, n_ch, 0)
return torch.stack(chunks)
@staticmethod
def category_splitter(some_data, alpha, list_of_categories):
data, _ = torch.squeeze(some_data, 1).to(torch.int64), alpha
for i in list_of_categories:
data = torch.where(data < i, _, data)
_ += 1
return data - alpha
3D U-net. :
( ).
0 168*120*120 ( 163*112*120). * .
0...1 ( ~-2000...16000).
N- .
( 1, 1, 72, 120, 120).
28 (. ):
1-;
9 (8+) 2-.
Dataloader
import torch.utils.data as tud
class ToothDataset(tud.Dataset):
def __init__(self, images, masks):
self.images = images
self.masks = masks
def __len__(self): return len(self.images)
def __getitem__(self, index):
if self.masks is not None:
return self.images[index, :, :, :, :],\
self.masks[index, :, :, :, :]
else:
return self.images[index, :, :, :, :]
def get_loaders(images, masks,
batch_size: int = 1,
num_workers: int = 1,
pin_memory: bool = True):
train_ds = ToothDataset(images=images,
masks=masks)
data_loader = tud.DataLoader(train_ds,
batch_size=batch_size,
shuffle=False,
num_workers=num_workers,
pin_memory=pin_memory)
return data_loader
:
|
|
Semantic |
Instance |
Predictions |
Data |
(27*, 1, 56*, 120,120)[0...1] |
(27*, 1, 56*, 120,120) [0, 1] |
(1, 1, 168, 120, 120)[0...1] |
Masks |
(27*, 1, 56*, 120,120)[0, 1] |
(27*, 1, 56*, 120,120)[0, 8] |
- |
* , , - .
3.
- . U-Net. , .
, . - Adam, Dice-loss(implement), / 4, [64, 128, 256, 512] (, , - ). 60-80 epochs . Transfer learning .
model.summary()
model = UNet(dim=2, in_channels=1, out_channels=1, n_blocks=4, start_filters=64).to(device)
print(summary(model, (1, 168, 120)))
"""
----------------------------------------------------------------
Layer (type) Output Shape Param #
================================================================
Conv2d-1 [-1, 64, 168, 120] 640
ReLU-2 [-1, 64, 168, 120] 0
BatchNorm2d-3 [-1, 64, 168, 120] 128
Conv2d-4 [-1, 64, 168, 120] 36,928
ReLU-5 [-1, 64, 168, 120] 0
BatchNorm2d-6 [-1, 64, 168, 120] 128
MaxPool2d-7 [-1, 64, 84, 60] 0
DownBlock-8 [[-1, 64, 84, 60], [-1, 64, 168, 120]] 0
Conv2d-9 [-1, 128, 84, 60] 73,856
ReLU-10 [-1, 128, 84, 60] 0
BatchNorm2d-11 [-1, 128, 84, 60] 256
Conv2d-12 [-1, 128, 84, 60] 147,584
ReLU-13 [-1, 128, 84, 60] 0
BatchNorm2d-14 [-1, 128, 84, 60] 256
MaxPool2d-15 [-1, 128, 42, 30] 0
DownBlock-16 [[-1, 128, 42, 30], [-1, 128, 84, 60]] 0
Conv2d-17 [-1, 256, 42, 30] 295,168
ReLU-18 [-1, 256, 42, 30] 0
BatchNorm2d-19 [-1, 256, 42, 30] 512
Conv2d-20 [-1, 256, 42, 30] 590,080
ReLU-21 [-1, 256, 42, 30] 0
BatchNorm2d-22 [-1, 256, 42, 30] 512
MaxPool2d-23 [-1, 256, 21, 15] 0
DownBlock-24 [[-1, 256, 21, 15], [-1, 256, 42, 30]] 0
Conv2d-25 [-1, 512, 21, 15] 1,180,160
ReLU-26 [-1, 512, 21, 15] 0
BatchNorm2d-27 [-1, 512, 21, 15] 1,024
Conv2d-28 [-1, 512, 21, 15] 2,359,808
ReLU-29 [-1, 512, 21, 15] 0
BatchNorm2d-30 [-1, 512, 21, 15] 1,024
DownBlock-31 [[-1, 512, 21, 15], [-1, 512, 21, 15]] 0
ConvTranspose2d-32 [-1, 256, 42, 30] 524,544
ReLU-33 [-1, 256, 42, 30] 0
BatchNorm2d-34 [-1, 256, 42, 30] 512
Concatenate-35 [-1, 512, 42, 30] 0
Conv2d-36 [-1, 256, 42, 30] 1,179,904
ReLU-37 [-1, 256, 42, 30] 0
BatchNorm2d-38 [-1, 256, 42, 30] 512
Conv2d-39 [-1, 256, 42, 30] 590,080
ReLU-40 [-1, 256, 42, 30] 0
BatchNorm2d-41 [-1, 256, 42, 30] 512
UpBlock-42 [-1, 256, 42, 30] 0
ConvTranspose2d-43 [-1, 128, 84, 60] 131,200
ReLU-44 [-1, 128, 84, 60] 0
BatchNorm2d-45 [-1, 128, 84, 60] 256
Concatenate-46 [-1, 256, 84, 60] 0
Conv2d-47 [-1, 128, 84, 60] 295,040
ReLU-48 [-1, 128, 84, 60] 0
BatchNorm2d-49 [-1, 128, 84, 60] 256
Conv2d-50 [-1, 128, 84, 60] 147,584
ReLU-51 [-1, 128, 84, 60] 0
BatchNorm2d-52 [-1, 128, 84, 60] 256
UpBlock-53 [-1, 128, 84, 60] 0
ConvTranspose2d-54 [-1, 64, 168, 120] 32,832
ReLU-55 [-1, 64, 168, 120] 0
BatchNorm2d-56 [-1, 64, 168, 120] 128
Concatenate-57 [-1, 128, 168, 120] 0
Conv2d-58 [-1, 64, 168, 120] 73,792
ReLU-59 [-1, 64, 168, 120] 0
BatchNorm2d-60 [-1, 64, 168, 120] 128
Conv2d-61 [-1, 64, 168, 120] 36,928
ReLU-62 [-1, 64, 168, 120] 0
BatchNorm2d-63 [-1, 64, 168, 120] 128
UpBlock-64 [-1, 64, 168, 120] 0
Conv2d-65 [-1, 1, 168, 120] 65
================================================================
Total params: 7,702,721
Trainable params: 7,702,721
Non-trainable params: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------
Input size (MB): 0.08
Forward/backward pass size (MB): 7434.08
Params size (MB): 29.38
Estimated Total Size (MB): 7463.54
"""
![.№1
2D U-Net, , [x, z]](https://habrastorage.org/getpro/habr/upload_files/d24/21a/246/d2421a24672cfc2928bf98a22ebd3bc7.gif ".№1
2D U-Net, , [x, z]")
, - . , . numpy - *.stl 6. , :
![:
1. [x, y]. 2. [x, z]. 3. [y, z]](https://habrastorage.org/getpro/habr/upload_files/75b/d08/ffb/75bd08ffbdeac83181abf79355378872.png ":
1. [x, y]. 2. [x, z]. 3. [y, z]")
100% , ? , .
, , , , , .
![.№2
2- 2D U-Net, , [y, z]](https://habrastorage.org/getpro/habr/upload_files/eef/335/e4e/eef335e4ebb6f3a3d23709cf81948e40.png ".№2
2- 2D U-Net, , [y, z]")
, , :
![.№3
2- 2D U-Net, [y, z]
50%](https://habrastorage.org/getpro/habr/upload_files/3ce/fc5/3d5/3cefc53d5fee0fdf2693b95e6db91152.png ".№3
2- 2D U-Net, [y, z]
50%")
3D . , (24*, 120, 120). ? - (~22. ). (1063gtx) .
24*
. :
(1512, 120, 120) - 63;
batch size (24, 120, 120) - , ;
(24) / ( 24/2/2/2=3 3*2*2*2=24, / 2 / 1);
, . .summary()
model.summary()
model = UNet(dim=3, in_channels=1, out_channels=1, n_blocks=4, start_filters=64).to(device)
print(summary(model, (1, 24, 120, 120)))
"""
----------------------------------------------------------------
Layer (type) Output Shape Param #
================================================================
Conv3d-1 [-1, 64, 24, 120, 120] 1,792
ReLU-2 [-1, 64, 24, 120, 120] 0
BatchNorm3d-3 [-1, 64, 24, 120, 120] 128
Conv3d-4 [-1, 64, 24, 120, 120] 110,656
ReLU-5 [-1, 64, 24, 120, 120] 0
BatchNorm3d-6 [-1, 64, 24, 120, 120] 128
MaxPool3d-7 [-1, 64, 12, 60, 60] 0
DownBlock-8 [[-1, 64, 12, 60, 60], [-1, 64, 24, 120, 120]] 0
Conv3d-9 [-1, 128, 12, 60, 60] 221,312
ReLU-10 [-1, 128, 12, 60, 60] 0
BatchNorm3d-11 [-1, 128, 12, 60, 60] 256
Conv3d-12 [-1, 128, 12, 60, 60] 442,496
ReLU-13 [-1, 128, 12, 60, 60] 0
BatchNorm3d-14 [-1, 128, 12, 60, 60] 256
MaxPool3d-15 [-1, 128, 6, 30, 30] 0
DownBlock-16 [[-1, 128, 6, 30, 30], [-1, 128, 12, 60, 60]] 0
Conv3d-17 [-1, 256, 6, 30, 30] 884,992
ReLU-18 [-1, 256, 6, 30, 30] 0
BatchNorm3d-19 [-1, 256, 6, 30, 30] 512
Conv3d-20 [-1, 256, 6, 30, 30] 1,769,728
ReLU-21 [-1, 256, 6, 30, 30] 0
BatchNorm3d-22 [-1, 256, 6, 30, 30] 512
MaxPool3d-23 [-1, 256, 3, 15, 15] 0
DownBlock-24 [[-1, 256, 3, 15, 15], [-1, 256, 6, 30, 30]] 0
Conv3d-25 [-1, 512, 3, 15, 15] 3,539,456
ReLU-26 [-1, 512, 3, 15, 15] 0
BatchNorm3d-27 [-1, 512, 3, 15, 15] 1,024
Conv3d-28 [-1, 512, 3, 15, 15] 7,078,400
ReLU-29 [-1, 512, 3, 15, 15] 0
BatchNorm3d-30 [-1, 512, 3, 15, 15] 1,024
DownBlock-31 [[-1, 512, 3, 15, 15], [-1, 512, 3, 15, 15]] 0
ConvTranspose3d-32 [-1, 256, 6, 30, 30] 1,048,832
ReLU-33 [-1, 256, 6, 30, 30] 0
BatchNorm3d-34 [-1, 256, 6, 30, 30] 512
Concatenate-35 [-1, 512, 6, 30, 30] 0
Conv3d-36 [-1, 256, 6, 30, 30] 3,539,200
ReLU-37 [-1, 256, 6, 30, 30] 0
BatchNorm3d-38 [-1, 256, 6, 30, 30] 512
Conv3d-39 [-1, 256, 6, 30, 30] 1,769,728
ReLU-40 [-1, 256, 6, 30, 30] 0
BatchNorm3d-41 [-1, 256, 6, 30, 30] 512
UpBlock-42 [-1, 256, 6, 30, 30] 0
ConvTranspose3d-43 [-1, 128, 12, 60, 60] 262,272
ReLU-44 [-1, 128, 12, 60, 60] 0
BatchNorm3d-45 [-1, 128, 12, 60, 60] 256
Concatenate-46 [-1, 256, 12, 60, 60] 0
Conv3d-47 [-1, 128, 12, 60, 60] 884,864
ReLU-48 [-1, 128, 12, 60, 60] 0
BatchNorm3d-49 [-1, 128, 12, 60, 60] 256
Conv3d-50 [-1, 128, 12, 60, 60] 442,496
ReLU-51 [-1, 128, 12, 60, 60] 0
BatchNorm3d-52 [-1, 128, 12, 60, 60] 256
UpBlock-53 [-1, 128, 12, 60, 60] 0
ConvTranspose3d-54 [-1, 64, 24, 120, 120] 65,600
ReLU-55 [-1, 64, 24, 120, 120] 0
BatchNorm3d-56 [-1, 64, 24, 120, 120] 128
Concatenate-57 [-1, 128, 24, 120, 120] 0
Conv3d-58 [-1, 64, 24, 120, 120] 221,248
ReLU-59 [-1, 64, 24, 120, 120] 0
BatchNorm3d-60 [-1, 64, 24, 120, 120] 128
Conv3d-61 [-1, 64, 24, 120, 120] 110,656
ReLU-62 [-1, 64, 24, 120, 120] 0
BatchNorm3d-63 [-1, 64, 24, 120, 120] 128
UpBlock-64 [-1, 64, 24, 120, 120] 0
Conv3d-65 [-1, 1, 24, 120, 120] 65
================================================================
Total params: 22,400,321
Trainable params: 22,400,321
Non-trainable params: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------
Input size (MB): 0.61
Forward/backward pass size (MB): 15974.12
Params size (MB): 85.45
Estimated Total Size (MB): 16060.18
----------------------------------------------------------------
"""
![.№4
3D U-Net, , [y, z],
*0,38](https://habrastorage.org/getpro/habr/upload_files/618/cdd/83d/618cdd83db3c6855c2f916a11303c960.png ".№4
3D U-Net, , [y, z],
*0,38")
~60% (25 epochs) , .
![.№5
3D U-Net, , [y, z],
65 epochs ~ 1,5](https://habrastorage.org/getpro/habr/upload_files/7c7/e67/19a/7c7e6719a026fb11df22cd32eab03620.png ".№5
3D U-Net, , [y, z],
65 epochs ~ 1,5")
. , (.№3) - :
![.№6
3D U-Net, , [x, z],
105 epochs ~ 2,1](https://habrastorage.org/getpro/habr/upload_files/bc8/372/a07/bc8372a07b3aa13e874b0f9abfc4d21a.png ".№6
3D U-Net, , [x, z],
105 epochs ~ 2,1")
"" . ~400 ( ~22) [18, 32, 64, 128] / 3. RSMProp. (1, 1, 72*, 120, 120). ?
model.summary()
model = UNet(dim=3, in_channels=1, out_channels=1, n_blocks=3, start_filters=18).to(device)
print(summary(model, (1, 1, 72, 120, 120)))
"""
----------------------------------------------------------------
Layer (type) Output Shape Param #
================================================================
Conv3d-1 [-1, 18, 72, 120, 120] 504
ReLU-2 [-1, 18, 72, 120, 120] 0
BatchNorm3d-3 [-1, 18, 72, 120, 120] 36
Conv3d-4 [-1, 18, 72, 120, 120] 8,766
ReLU-5 [-1, 18, 72, 120, 120] 0
BatchNorm3d-6 [-1, 18, 72, 120, 120] 36
MaxPool3d-7 [-1, 18, 36, 60, 60] 0
DownBlock-8 [[-1, 18, 36, 60, 60], [-1, 18, 24, 120, 120]] 0
Conv3d-9 [-1, 36, 36, 60, 60] 17,532
ReLU-10 [-1, 36, 36, 60, 60] 0
BatchNorm3d-11 [-1, 36, 36, 60, 60] 72
Conv3d-12 [-1, 36, 36, 60, 60] 35,028
ReLU-13 [-1, 36, 36, 60, 60] 0
BatchNorm3d-14 [-1, 36, 36, 60, 60] 72
MaxPool3d-15 [-1, 36, 18, 30, 30] 0
DownBlock-16 [[-1, 36, 18, 30, 30], [-1, 36, 36, 60, 60]] 0
Conv3d-17 [-1, 72, 18, 30, 30] 70,056
ReLU-18 [-1, 72, 18, 30, 30] 0
BatchNorm3d-19 [-1, 72, 18, 30, 30] 144
Conv3d-20 [-1, 72, 18, 30, 30] 140,040
ReLU-21 [-1, 72, 18, 30, 30] 0
BatchNorm3d-22 [-1, 72, 18, 30, 30] 144
DownBlock-23 [[-1, 72, 18, 30, 30], [-1, 72, 18, 30, 30]] 0
ConvTranspose3d-24 [-1, 36, 36, 60, 60] 20,772
ReLU-25 [-1, 36, 36, 60, 60] 0
BatchNorm3d-26 [-1, 36, 36, 60, 60] 72
Concatenate-27 [-1, 72, 36, 60, 60] 0
Conv3d-28 [-1, 36, 36, 60, 60] 70,020
ReLU-29 [-1, 36, 36, 60, 60] 0
BatchNorm3d-30 [-1, 36, 36, 60, 60] 72
Conv3d-31 [-1, 36, 36, 60, 60] 35,028
ReLU-32 [-1, 36, 36, 60, 60] 0
BatchNorm3d-33 [-1, 36, 36, 60, 60] 72
UpBlock-34 [-1, 36, 36, 60, 60] 0
ConvTranspose3d-35 [-1, 18, 72, 120, 120] 5,202
ReLU-36 [-1, 18, 72, 120, 120] 0
BatchNorm3d-37 [-1, 18, 72, 120, 120] 36
Concatenate-38 [-1, 36, 72, 120, 120] 0
Conv3d-39 [-1, 18, 72, 120, 120] 17,514
ReLU-40 [-1, 18, 72, 120, 120] 0
BatchNorm3d-41 [-1, 18, 72, 120, 120] 36
Conv3d-42 [-1, 18, 72, 120, 120] 8,766
ReLU-43 [-1, 18, 72, 120, 120] 0
BatchNorm3d-44 [-1, 18, 72, 120, 120] 36
UpBlock-45 [-1, 18, 72, 120, 120] 0
Conv3d-46 [-1, 1, 72, 120, 120] 19
================================================================
Total params: 430,075
Trainable params: 430,075
Non-trainable params: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------
Input size (MB): 1.32
Forward/backward pass size (MB): 5744.38
Params size (MB): 1.64
Estimated Total Size (MB): 5747.34
----------------------------------------------------------------
"""
72*
, (168, 120, 120), (72, 120, 120). , . , 2 , . 9 (1512, 120, 120) .. 9 , 21(batch size) (72, 120, 120). 72 , 24*().
![.№7
3D U-Net, , [x, z],
() (),
,
(65 epochs) ~ 14.](https://habrastorage.org/getpro/habr/upload_files/9d5/497/b04/9d5497b04c3c3a80a2c6275e5148cb2c.png ".№7
3D U-Net, , [x, z],
() (),
,
(65 epochs) ~ 14.")
, ( "" ). , . semantic segmentation , .
3D ( ) (1512, 120, 120) --> 21*(1, 72, 120, 120), ~*(30, 30, 30) ( ). 2 : 3- , ( ); , .
, 1 epochs "" ~13, 2 (>80). 1 epochs. , .
. 8 + . loss function .
training loop
import torch
from tqdm import tqdm
from _loss_f import LossFunction
class TrainFunction:
def __init__(self,
data_loader,
device_for_training,
model_name,
model_name_pretrained,
model,
optimizer,
scale,
learning_rate: int = 1e-2,
num_epochs: int = 1,
transfer_learning: bool = False,
binary_loss_f: bool = True
):
self.data_loader = data_loader
self.device = device_for_training
self.model_name_pretrained = model_name_pretrained
self.semantic_binary = binary_loss_f
self.num_epochs = num_epochs
self.model_name = model_name
self.transfer = transfer_learning
self.optimizer = optimizer
self.learning_rate = learning_rate
self.model = model
self.scale = scale
def forward(self):
print('Running on the:', torch.cuda.get_device_name(self.device))
self.model.load_state_dict(torch.load(self.model_name_pretrained)) if self.transfer else None
optimizer = self.optimizer(self.model.parameters(), lr=self.learning_rate)
for epoch in range(self.num_epochs):
self.train_loop(self.data_loader, self.model, optimizer, self.scale, epoch)
torch.save(self.model.state_dict(), 'models/' + self.model_name+str(epoch+1)
+ '_epoch.pth') if (epoch + 1) % 10 == 0 else None
def train_loop(self, loader, model, optimizer, scales, i):
loop, epoch_loss = tqdm(loader), 0
loop.set_description('Epoch %i' % (self.num_epochs - i))
for batch_idx, (data, targets) in enumerate(loop):
data, targets = data.to(device=self.device, dtype=torch.float), \
targets.to(device=self.device, dtype=torch.long)
optimizer.zero_grad()
* *
with torch.cuda.amp.autocast():
predictions = model(data)
loss = LossFunction(predictions, targets,
device_for_training=self.device,
semantic_binary=self.semantic_binary
).forward()
scales.scale(loss).backward()
scales.step(optimizer)
scales.update()
epoch_loss += (1 - loss.item())*100
loop.set_postfix(loss=loss.item())
print('Epoch-acc', round(epoch_loss / (batch_idx+1), 2))
4.
Dice-loss , '' [0, 1]. , ( [0, 1]), ( "" "" ) Dice-loss , .
categorical_dice_loss
import torch
class LossFunction:
def __init__(self,
prediction,
target,
device_for_training,
semantic_binary: bool = True,
):
self.prediction = prediction
self.device = device_for_training
self.target = target
self.semantic_binary = semantic_binary
def forward(self):
if self.semantic_binary:
return self.dice_loss(self.prediction, self.target)
return self.categorical_dice_loss(self.prediction, self.target)
@staticmethod
def dice_loss(predictions, targets, alpha=1e-5):
intersection = 2. * (predictions * targets).sum()
denomination = (torch.square(predictions) + torch.square(targets)).sum()
dice_loss = 1 - torch.mean((intersection + alpha) / (denomination + alpha))
return dice_loss
def categorical_dice_loss(self, prediction, target):
pr, tr = self.prepare_for_multiclass_loss_f(prediction, target)
target_categories, losses = torch.unique(tr).tolist(), 0
for num_category in target_categories:
categorical_target = torch.where(tr == num_category, 1, 0)
categorical_prediction = pr[num_category][:][:][:]
losses += self.dice_loss(categorical_prediction, categorical_target).to(self.device)
return losses / len(target_categories)
@staticmethod
def prepare_for_multiclass_loss_f(prediction, target):
prediction_prepared = torch.squeeze(prediction, 0)
target_prepared = torch.squeeze(target, 0)
target_prepared = torch.squeeze(target_prepared, 0)
return prediction_prepared, target_prepared
, "categorical_dice_loss":
( );
, batch ;
"" "" , [0, 1] Dice-loss;
, batct. .
, , one-hot , ( ), , . , , , . (5).
5.
import nrrd
# numpy
read = nrrd.read(data_path)
data, meta_data = read[0], read[1]
print(data.shape, np.max(data), np.min(data), meta_data, sep="\n")
(163, 112, 120)
14982
-2254
OrderedDict([('type', 'short'), ('dimension', 3), ('space', 'left-posterior-superior'), ('sizes', array([163, 112, 120])), ('space directions', array([[-0.5, 0. , 0. ],
[ 0. , -0.5, 0. ],
[ 0. , 0. , 0.5]])), ('kinds', ['domain', 'domain', 'domain']), ('endian', 'little'), ('encoding', 'gzip'), ('space origin', array([131.57200623, 80.7661972 , 32.29940033]))])
- , ? , , , .
, 8 12 . ( ) - ( 3- ) . , , "" -1 , ..
- , . , . Skimage Stl.
from skimage.measure import marching_cubes
import nrrd
import numpy as np
from stl import mesh
path = 'some_path.nrrd'
data = nrrd.read(path)[0]
def three_d_creator(some_data):
vertices, faces, volume, _ = marching_cubes(some_data)
cube = mesh.Mesh(np.full(faces.shape[0], volume.shape[0], dtype=mesh.Mesh.dtype))
for i, f in enumerate(faces):
for j in range(3):
cube.vectors[i][j] = vertices[f[j]]
cube.save('name.stl')
return cube
stl = three_d_creator(datas)
, "" . , , Win 10 3D Builder - . "" 3D . " " .
v3do. , , .
npy stl
from vedo import Volume, show, write
prediction = 'some_data_path.npy'
def show_save(data, save=False):
data_multiclass = Volume(data, c='Set2', alpha=(0.1, 1), alphaUnit=0.87, mode=1)
data_multiclass.addScalarBar3D(nlabels=9)
show([(data_multiclass, "Multiclass teeth segmentation prediction")], bg='black', N=1, axes=1).close()
write(data_multiclass.isosurface(), 'some_name_.stl') if save else None
show_save(prediction, save=True)
.
. :
model.summary()
model = UNet(dim=3, in_channels=1, out_channels=9, n_blocks=3, start_filters=9).to(device)
print(summary(model, (1, 168*, 120, 120)))
"""
----------------------------------------------------------------
Layer (type) Output Shape Param #
================================================================
Conv3d-1 [-1, 9, 168, 120, 120] 252
ReLU-2 [-1, 9, 168, 120, 120] 0
BatchNorm3d-3 [-1, 9, 168, 120, 120] 18
Conv3d-4 [-1, 9, 168, 120, 120] 2,196
ReLU-5 [-1, 9, 168, 120, 120] 0
BatchNorm3d-6 [-1, 9, 168, 120, 120] 18
MaxPool3d-7 [-1, 9, 84, 60, 60] 0
DownBlock-8 [[-1, 9, 84, 60, 60], [-1, 9, 168, 120, 120]] 0
Conv3d-9 [-1, 18, 84, 60, 60] 4,392
ReLU-10 [-1, 18, 84, 60, 60] 0
BatchNorm3d-11 [-1, 18, 84, 60, 60] 36
Conv3d-12 [-1, 18, 84, 60, 60] 8,766
ReLU-13 [-1, 18, 84, 60, 60] 0
BatchNorm3d-14 [-1, 18, 84, 60, 60] 36
MaxPool3d-15 [-1, 18, 42, 30, 30] 0
DownBlock-16 [[-1, 18, 18, 42, 30], [-1, 18, 84, 60, 60]] 0
Conv3d-17 [-1, 36, 42, 30, 30] 17,532
ReLU-18 [-1, 36, 42, 30, 30] 0
BatchNorm3d-19 [-1, 36, 42, 30, 30] 72
Conv3d-20 [-1, 36, 42, 30, 30] 35,028
ReLU-21 [-1, 36, 42, 30, 30] 0
BatchNorm3d-22 [-1, 36, 42, 30, 30] 72
DownBlock-23 [[-1, 36, 42, 30, 30], [-1, 36, 42, 30, 30]] 0
ConvTranspose3d-24 [-1, 18, 84, 60, 60] 5,202
ReLU-25 [-1, 18, 84, 60, 60] 0
BatchNorm3d-26 [-1, 18, 84, 60, 60] 36
Concatenate-27 [-1, 36, 84, 60, 60] 0
Conv3d-28 [-1, 18, 84, 60, 60] 17,514
ReLU-29 [-1, 18, 84, 60, 60] 0
BatchNorm3d-30 [-1, 18, 84, 60, 60] 36
Conv3d-31 [-1, 18, 84, 60, 60] 8,766
ReLU-32 [-1, 18, 84, 60, 60] 0
BatchNorm3d-33 [-1, 18, 84, 60, 60] 36
UpBlock-34 [-1, 18, 84, 60, 60] 0
ConvTranspose3d-35 [-1, 9, 168, 120, 120] 1,305
ReLU-36 [-1, 9, 168, 120, 120] 0
BatchNorm3d-37 [-1, 9, 168, 120, 120] 18
Concatenate-38 [-1, 18, 168, 120, 120] 0
Conv3d-39 [-1, 9, 168, 120, 120] 4,383
ReLU-40 [-1, 9, 168, 120, 120] 0
BatchNorm3d-41 [-1, 9, 168, 120, 120] 18
Conv3d-42 [-1, 9, 168, 120, 120] 2,196
ReLU-43 [-1, 9, 168, 120, 120] 0
BatchNorm3d-44 [-1, 9, 168, 120, 120] 18
UpBlock-45 [-1, 9, 168, 120, 120] 0
Conv3d-46 [-1, 9, 168, 120, 120] 90
================================================================
Total params: 108,036
Trainable params: 108,036
Non-trainable params: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------
Input size (MB): 3.96
Forward/backward pass size (MB): 12170.30
Params size (MB): 0.41
Estimated Total Size (MB): 12174.66
----------------------------------------------------------------
"""
* ([9, 18, 36, 72]), - 9*(168, 120, 120)
, , . ? - "" 8- , . , 12 (GPU) .
6. After words
, , - . . , , 2 , . , ? , , 28 , , "" / ? U-net GCNN Pytorch - Pytorch3D? , , bounding box( 1 ). , , .
()
" "
Agradecimentos especiais à minha esposa, Alena, pelo seu apoio especial durante este "mergulho nas trevas".
Obrigado a todos pela atenção. Críticas e sugestões construtivas, tanto correções quanto novos projetos, são bem-vindas.