Clever Geek Handbook

Traefik, docker e docker registry

Abaixo do corte você verá:

  1. Usando o Traefik como um proxy reverso para rotear o tráfego dentro de contêineres docker.





  2. Usando o Traefik para obter automaticamente os certificados Let's Encrypt





  3. Usando o Traefik para diferenciar o acesso ao registro do docker usando autenticação básica





  4. Todos os itens acima serão configurados exclusivamente em docker-compose.yml e não exigirão a transferência de arquivos de configuração separados dentro de contêineres.





Relevância do problema

Quase todas as instruções na Internet usam vários arquivos de configuração adicionais que precisarão ser copiados para o contêiner na inicialização. Encontramos uma maneira de fazer todas as configurações necessárias exclusivamente dentro do arquivo de composição.





Além disso, há poucas informações na Internet sobre o uso do traefik para controlar o acesso ao registro do docker. A técnica descrita abaixo pode ser usada para controlar o acesso a qualquer aplicativo que implemente a API Rest.





Encontrando uma solução

Aqui está um link para o artigo oficial sobre implantação de registro do docker. Role a página para baixo e veja um exemplo de implantação via docker-compose. Vou reimprimir o exemplo abaixo:





registry:
  restart: always
  image: registry:2
  ports:
    - 5000:5000
  environment:
    REGISTRY_HTTP_TLS_CERTIFICATE: /certs/domain.crt
    REGISTRY_HTTP_TLS_KEY: /certs/domain.key
    REGISTRY_AUTH: htpasswd
    REGISTRY_AUTH_HTPASSWD_PATH: /auth/htpasswd
    REGISTRY_AUTH_HTPASSWD_REALM: Registry Realm
  volumes:
    - /path/data:/var/lib/registry
    - /path/certs:/certs
    - /path/auth:/auth

https registry, . . https , , , let's encrypt - traefik.





registry, . ,    . nginx, .





nginx . , traefik.





, .





Registry

registry compose . “registry", compose :





mkdir registry
cd registry
nano docker-compose.yml

:





version: '2.4'
services:
  registry:
    restart: always
    image: registry:2
    ports:
      - 5000:5000
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
        
        
        
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
    





docker-compose up -d

http://<IP>:5000/v2/_catalog , <IP> - ip . 

:





{"repositories":[]}

, . - firewall.





Traefik

traefik . 

SSL, .





registry compose . “registry", compose :





mkdir traefik
cd traefik
nano docker-compose.yml

:





version: "2.4"
 
services:
 
  traefik:
    image: "traefik:v2.4"
    container_name: "traefik"
    command:
      - "--api.insecure=true"
    ports:
      - "8080:8080"
() 
command:
- "--api.insecure=true"

command .

dashboard insecure . , dashboard traefik. traefik , 8080. 





      - "8080:8080"

8080 docker traefik. , dashboard traefik





:





docker-compose up -d

IP 8080:





Registry Traefik ( )

, compose , , . 

.





compose Traefik: 





Version: "2.4"
 
services:
 
  traefik:
    image: "traefik:v2.4"
    container_name: "traefik"
    command:
      - "--api.insecure=true"
      - "--providers.docker=true"
      - "--providers.docker.exposedbydefault=false"
    ports:
      - "80:80"
      - "8080:8080"
    networks:
      - registry_default
    volumes:
      - "/var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock:ro"
networks:
  registry_default:
    external: true
() 
- "--providers.docker=true"

. traefik .





- "--providers.docker.exposedbydefault=false"

HTTP HTTP traefik. , traefik docker , expose . . 





, ! , - ! : hosts “IP__ _”, “http://_" .





- "80:80"

80 (http) docker traefik. .





    networks:
      - registry_default
networks:
  registry_default:
    external: true

, compose . , compose “___default, compose .





volumes:
  - "/var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock:ro"

docker.sock traefik. , traefik . , , .





compose Registry: 





version: '2.4'
services:
  registry:
    restart: always
    image: registry:2
    ports:
      - 5000:5000
    labels:
      - "traefik.enable=true"
      - "traefik.http.routers.registry.rule=Host(`<REGISTRY.FQDN>`)"
() 
- "traefik.enable=true"

traefik, 





- "traefik.http.routers.registry.rule=Host(`<REGISTRY.FQDN>`)"

traefik, <REGISTRY.FQDN> . , , .





- "traefik.http.services.registry.loadbalancer.server.port=5000"

, , . docker 1 , . 





:





docker-compose up -d

http://<REGISTRY.FQDN>:5000/v2/_catalog , <REGISTRY.FQDN> - , compose .





:





{"repositories":[]}

.





SSL ( https)

SSL Let's Encrypt.





compose Traefik:





version: "2.4"
 
services:
 
  traefik:
    image: "traefik:v2.4"
    container_name: "traefik"
    command:
      - "--api.insecure=true"
      - "--providers.docker=true"
      - "--providers.docker.exposedbydefault=false"
      - "--entrypoints.web.address=:80"
      - "--entrypoints.web.http.redirections.entryPoint.to=websecure"
      - "--entrypoints.websecure.address=:443"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.httpchallenge=true"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.httpchallenge.entrypoint=web"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.email=<EMAIL>"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.storage=/letsencrypt/acme.json"
    ports:
      - "80:80"
      - "443:443"
      - "8080:8080"
    networks:
      - registry_default
    volumes:
      - "letsencrypt:/letsencrypt"
      - "/var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock:ro"
volumes:
  letsencrypt:
networks:
  registry_default:
    external: true
() 
- "--entrypoints.web.address=:80"

entrypoint http web .





- "--entrypoints.web.http.redirections.entryPoint.to=websecure"

entrypoint web websecure. HTTP HTTPS





- "--entrypoints.websecure.address=:443"

entrypoint 443 websecure





- "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.httpchallenge=true"

Let’s Encrypt http challenge





- "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.httpchallenge.entrypoint=web"

entrypoint http challenge





- "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.email=<EMAIL>"

<email> 





- "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.storage=/letsencrypt/acme.json"

acme.json. . , “/acme.json" .





- "443:443"

443 (https) docker traefik. .





    volumes:

      - "letsencrypt:/letsencrypt"

volumes:

  letsencrypt:

SSL . .

: /var/lib/docker/volumes/< >





compose Registry:





version: '2.4'
services:
  registry:
    restart: always
    image: registry:2
    ports:
      - 5000:5000
    labels:
      - "traefik.enable=true"
      - "traefik.http.routers.registry.rule=Host(`<REGISTRY.FQDN>`)"
      - "traefik.http.routers.registry.entrypoints=websecure"
      - "traefik.http.routers.registry.tls.certresolver=myresolver"
() 
- "traefik.http.routers.registry.entrypoints=websecure"

entrypoint http (web) websecure





- "traefik.http.routers.registry.tls.certresolver=myresolver"

SSL





:





docker-compose up -d

http://<REGISTRY.FQDN>:5000/v2/_catalog , <REGISTRY.FQDN> - , compose .





, :





  • http https





  • Let's Encrypt





, traefik - . , docker logs traefik



.





SSL dashboard

, dashboard , . , , .





compose Traefik:





version: "2.4"
 
services:
 
  traefik:
    image: "traefik:v2.4"
    container_name: "traefik"
    command:
      - "--api.insecure=true"
      - "--providers.docker=true"
      - "--providers.docker.exposedbydefault=false"
      - "--entrypoints.web.address=:80"
      - "--entrypoints.web.http.redirections.entryPoint.to=websecure"
      - "--entrypoints.websecure.address=:443"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.httpchallenge=true"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.httpchallenge.entrypoint=web"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.email=<EMAIL>"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.storage=/letsencrypt/acme.json"
    ports:
      - "80:80"
      - "443:443"
      - "8080:8080"
    networks:
      - registry_default
    volumes:
      - "letsencrypt:/letsencrypt"
      - "/var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock:ro"
    labels:
      - "traefik.enable=true"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik.rule=Host(`<TRAEFIK.FQDN>`)"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik.entrypoints=websecure"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik.tls.certresolver=myresolver"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik.service=api@internal"
volumes:
  letsencrypt:
networks:
  registry_default:
    external: true
() 
labels:
  - "traefik.enable=true"
  - "traefik.http.routers.traefik.rule=Host(`<TRAEFIK.FQDN>`)"
  - "traefik.http.routers.traefik.entrypoints=websecure"
  - "traefik.http.routers.traefik.tls.certresolver=myresolver"

<traefik.fqdn> dashboard.





- "traefik.http.routers.traefik.service=api@internal"

.





api@internal - . dashboard .





registry, .





traefik:





docker-compose up -d

http://<TRAEFIK.FQDN>, <TRAEFIK.FQDN> - traefik dashboard, compose .





. .





compose Traefik:





version: "2.4"
 
services:
 
  traefik:
    image: "traefik:v2.4"
    container_name: "traefik"
    command:
      - "--api.insecure=true"
      - "--providers.docker=true"
      - "--providers.docker.exposedbydefault=false"
      - "--entrypoints.web.address=:80"
      - "--entrypoints.web.http.redirections.entryPoint.to=websecure"
      - "--entrypoints.websecure.address=:443"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.httpchallenge=true"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.httpchallenge.entrypoint=web"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.email=<email>"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.storage=/letsencrypt/acme.json"
    ports:
      - "80:80"
      - "443:443"
      - "8080:8080"
    networks:
      - registry_default
    volumes:
      - "letsencrypt:/letsencrypt"
      - "/var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock:ro"
    labels:
      - "traefik.http.middlewares.traefik-compress.compress=true"
      - "traefik.enable=true"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik.rule=Host(`<TRAEFIK.FQDN>`)"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik.entrypoints=websecure"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik.tls.certresolver=myresolver"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik.service=api@internal"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik.middlewares=traefik-compress"
volumes:
  letsencrypt:
networks:
  registry_default:
    external: true
() 
- "traefik.http.middlewares.traefik-compress.compress=true"

middleware traefik-compress . middleware . 





- "traefik.http.routers.traefik.middlewares=traefik-compress"

middleware traefik-compress traefik





compose Registry:





version: '2.4'
services:
  registry:
    restart: always
    image: registry:2
    ports:
      - 5000:5000
    labels:
      - "traefik.enable=true"
      - "traefik.http.routers.registry.rule=Host(`<REGISTRY.FQDN>`)"
      - "traefik.http.routers.registry.entrypoints=websecure"
      - "traefik.http.routers.registry.tls.certresolver=myresolver"
      - "traefik.http.routers.registry.middlewares=traefik-compress"
() 
- "traefik.http.routers.registry.middlewares=traefik-compress"

middleware traefik-compress registry





basic Dashboard

htpasswd. , (, Ubuntu):





apt-get install apache2-utils

“$” ( $ $$), docker-compose.yml





echo $(htpasswd -nbB USER "PASS") | sed -e s/\\$/\\$\\$/g

( ):





USER:$$2y$$05$$iPGcI0PwxkDoOZUlGPkIFe31e47F5vewcjlhzhgf0EHo45H.dFyKW

docker-compose.yml traefik ,   <USER-PASSWORD-OUTPUT>



.





compose Registry:





version: "2.4"
 
services:
 
  traefik:
    image: "traefik:v2.4"
    container_name: "traefik"
    command:
      - "--api.insecure=true"
      - "--providers.docker=true"
      - "--providers.docker.exposedbydefault=false"
      - "--entrypoints.web.address=:80"
      - "--entrypoints.web.http.redirections.entryPoint.to=websecure"
      - "--entrypoints.websecure.address=:443"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.httpchallenge=true"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.httpchallenge.entrypoint=web"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.email=<EMAIL>"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.storage=/letsencrypt/acme.json"
    ports:
      - "80:80"
      - "443:443"
      - "8080:8080"
    networks:
      - registry_default
    volumes:
      - "letsencrypt:/letsencrypt"
      - "/var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock:ro"
    labels:
      - "traefik.http.middlewares.traefik-compress.compress=true"
      - "traefik.http.middlewares.auth.basicauth.users=<USER-PASSWORD-OUTPUT>"
      - "traefik.enable=true"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik.rule=Host(`<TRAEFIK.FQDN>`)"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik.entrypoints=websecure"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik.tls.certresolver=myresolver"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik.service=api@internal"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik.middlewares=traefik-compress,auth"
volumes:
  letsencrypt:
networks:
  registry_default:
    external: true
() 
- "traefik.http.middlewares.auth.basicauth.users=<USER-PASSWORD-OUTPUT>"

middleware auth . middleware . 





- "traefik.http.routers.traefik.middlewares=traefik-compress,auth"

middleware auth traefik





: ( .env ) docker-compose.yml <USER-PASSWORD-OUTPUT>,   $.  : 





echo $(htpasswd -nbB <USER> "<PASS>")

docker (docker-compose up -d) , dashboard traefik .





Registry

compose Registry:





version: '2.4'
services:
  registry:
    restart: always
    image: registry:2
    ports:
      - 5000:5000
    labels:
      - "traefik.enable=true"
      - "traefik.http.routers.registry.rule=Host(`REGISTRY.FQDN`) && Method(`POST`, `PUT`, `DELETE`, `PATCH`)"
      - "traefik.http.routers.registry.entrypoints=websecure"
      - "traefik.http.routers.registry.tls.certresolver=myresolver"
      - "traefik.http.routers.registry.service=registry"
      - "traefik.http.services.registry.loadbalancer.server.port=5000"
      - "traefik.http.routers.registry.middlewares=auth-registry,traefik-compress"
      - "traefik.http.middlewares.auth-registry.basicauth.users=<ADMIN-PASSWORD-OUTPUT>"
      - "traefik.http.routers.guest-registry.rule=Host(`REGISTRY.FQDN`) && Method(`GET`, `HEAD`)"
      - "traefik.http.routers.guest-registry.entrypoints=websecure"
      - "traefik.http.routers.guest-registry.tls.certresolver=myresolver"
      - "traefik.http.routers.guest-registry.service=guest-registry"
      - "traefik.http.services.guest-registry.loadbalancer.server.port=5000"
      - "traefik.http.routers.guest-registry.middlewares=aguest-registry,traefik-compress"
      - "traefik.http.middlewares.aguest-registry.basicauth.users=<USER-PASSWORD-OUTPUT>"

2 :





  • registry



    - (\)





  • guest-registry



    - ()





middleware basic .





, . , . - .





registry:





docker-compose up -d
Postman

.





Get - .





Post - 401.





.





Get - .





Post - . , registry, . .





traefik nginx, docker .





O único problema que enfrentamos ao migrar para o traefik é a incapacidade de usar negativos nas regras de roteamento. Você pode ler mais sobre o problema aqui .







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