🐽 💑 ☝🏼 Casa louca 🧘🏽 🤾 👩‍❤️‍👩

Freqüentemente pensamos em como automatizar nossa casa, mas muitas vezes essa questão se resume ao fato de que os sistemas prontos são muito inflexíveis e caros e não há absolutamente nenhum tempo para descobrir como fazer algo sozinho.

Abaixo do corte está um guia detalhado sobre a configuração de um sistema de casa inteligente: vamos tornar possível que dispositivos ZWave e dispositivos MQTT personalizados baseados em ESP8266 funcionem, vamos configurar o controle doméstico usando HomeKit e Yandex Alice.

Configuração inicial do Raspberry PI

raspberry pi os https://www.raspberrypi.org/downloads/raspberry-pi-os/ MicroSD 16 . 10 , .

$ sudo dd bs=4M if=raspbian.img of=/dev/sdf status=progress

Headless

SSH

boot ssh( : ssh raspberry sshd , sudo raspi-config ssh )

# mkdir /mnt/boot_partition
# mount /dev/sdf1 /mnt/boot_partition
# touch /mnt/boot_partition/ssh
# umount /dev/sdf1

ssh.

Wi-Fi

wifi, boot wpa_supplicant.conf

# mkdir /mnt/boot_partition
# mount /dev/sdf1 /mnt/boot_partition
# vim /mnt/boot_partition/wpa_supplicant.conf
# umount /dev/sdf1

wpa_supplicant.conf

ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev
update_config=1
country=RU
network={
 ssid="your_ssid"
 psk="your_wifi_password"
}

, ethernet , wifi, microUSB, 2 .

Raspberry PI , .

ssh.

, ip- raspberry pi . , nmap. ip .

# nmap -sn 192.168.0.1/24
Starting Nmap 7.80 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2020-08-23 23:49 MSK
Nmap scan report for 192.168.0.1
Host is up (0.00033s latency).
Nmap scan report for 192.168.0.105
Host is up (0.00016s latency).
Nmap scan report for 192.168.0.120
Host is up (0.00050s latency).
Nmap done: 256 IP addresses (3 hosts up) scanned in 2.57 seconds

, (192.168.0.1) (192.168.0.105) 192.168.0.120 - , .

. /: pi/raspberry.

# ssh pi@192.168.0.120
Linux raspberrypi 4.19.118-v7+ #1311 SMP Mon Apr 27 14:21:24 BST 2020 armv7l

The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.

Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent
permitted by applicable law.
Last login: Sun Aug 23 21:54:16 2020 from 192.168.0.105
pi@raspberrypi:~ $

ssh raspberry pi .

Domoticz

Domoticz - . C++. , openhub home assistant, domoticz , , , C++, , , java python. , Lua python.

, domoticz . , .

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo curl -L install.domoticz.com | sudo bash

, , , , . HTTP 80 , .

, , , , domoticz :

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo service domoticz status

, web : http://192.168.0.120/

Watchdog

, Domoticz . , watchdog cron.

#!/bin/sh
# /etc/scripts/check_domoticz_online.sh
# check domoticz
status=`curl -s -i -H "Accept: application/json" "http://localhost:8080/json.htm?type=devices&amp;rid=1" | grep "status"| awk -F: '{print $2}'|sed 's/,//'| sed 's/\"//g'`
if [ $status ]
then
    echo "Domoticz has already been started"
else
    /home/pi/domoticz/domoticz.sh restart   
fi

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo crontab -e -u root
*/5 * * * * /etc/scripts/check_domoticz_online.sh > /dev/null 2>&amp;1

5 , , Domoticz ,

domoticz

, , .

IP-

, Domoticz - . web- Setup -> More options -> Cameras -> Add camera.

. picture url, .

, , , .

Z-Wave USB Stick

Domoticz, Z-Wave IoT . , , , , Z-Wave , Z-Wave. , , Z-Wave , , / .

, Z-Wave Domoticz , Home Assistant openHub, USB Stick .

, Z-Wave, Z-Wave USB Stick. Raspberry pi, Hardware, Type OpenZWave USB. Serial Port : /dev/serial/by-id/usb-0658_0200-if00

, , Setup, ZWave . ZWave , .

: , Z-Stick Z-Wave

MQTT-

IoT Arduino . MQTT - , -. MQTT- - . Domoticz IoT , .

MQTT- Mosquitto.

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo wget http://repo.mosquitto.org/debian/mosquitto-repo.gpg.key  
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo apt-key add mosquitto-repo.gpg.key  
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ cd /etc/apt/sources.list.d/  
pi@raspberrypi:/etc/apt/sources.list.d/ $ sudo wget http://repo.mosquitto.org/debian/mosquitto-jessie.list
pi@raspberrypi:/etc/apt/sources.list.d/ $ cd
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo apt-get install mosquitto mosquitto-clients
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ rm mosquitto-repo.gpg.key

Mosquitto . 0.0.0.0:1883. .

Domoticz - MQTT

domoticz MQTT-. web- Domoticz - Setup -> Hardware.

Type - MQTT Client Gateway with LAN interface.
Remote address - localhost
Port - 1883
Data Timeout - disabled
Username password -
Prevent loop - , MQTT , prevent loop domoticz domoticz/in domoticz/out. , domoticz/in, domoticz/out, domoticz in out, .
Publish topic - , domoticz . - out, domoticz domoticz/out.

Add hardware. , , Enabled Yes.

Dummy switch

. - ( , ), domoticz .

Dummy hardware. web- Domoticz - Setup -> Hardware

Type - Dummy (Does nothing, use for virtual switches only)

. . , Type Create virtual sensors. ,

Name - lamp
Sensor type - Switch

Switches. :

, MQTT.

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ mosquitto_sub -h localhost -v -t "domoticz/out"

MQTT, , , domoticz . -

domoticz/out {
    "Battery" : 255,
    "RSSI" : 12,
    "description" : "",
    "dtype" : "Light/Switch",
    "hwid" : "4",
    "id" : "00014052",
    "idx" : 2,
    "name" : "lamp",
    "nvalue" : 1,
    "stype" : "Switch",
    "svalue1" : "0",
    "switchType" : "On/Off",
    "unit" : 1
}

Domoticz . - JSON. name , switch' domoticz. nvalue.

IoT Arduino-like .

, MQTT- Domoticz , switch, . : , MQTT, Domoticz, , name , , . , , - .

Arduino Uno, Ethernet Shield, Arduino-like ESP8266, WiFi. , - Ethernet WiFi.

MQTT MQTT.h. JSON - ArduinoJSON.h.

, Arduino, , MQTTClient ArduinoJSON 500 String, 2 . 300 "" , , 300-400 , , , .

Arduino + Ethernet.

ESP8266 , .

ESP8266(WiFi).

! Domoticz, !

, ESP8266, :

Arduino UNO + Ethernet Shield - 1100 , WiFi - 400

, WiFi Domoticz,

Domoticz , - . , : mqtt , domoticz , homebridge - Apple, domoticz .

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo apt update
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo apt install -y nodejs npm libavahi-compat-libdnssd-dev
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo npm install -g --unsafe-perm homebridge homebridge-config-ui-x
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo npm install -g -g --unsafe-perm homebridge-edomoticz

sudo hb-service install --user homebridge

- homebridge 8581, admin:admin qr- , iphone. Homebridge domoticz , domoticz, homebridge iphone, . domoticz/in. , mqtt domoticz prevent loop. , , domoticz domoticz/in, domoticz/out , domoticz/out, . , domoticz/in , .

Homebridge g-on . - .

Domoticz,

, , IoT , IoT , WiFi, , Apple

P.S.

. " ", , ESP8266. MQTT Domoticz

Casa louca