O comando find do Linux é uma ferramenta de administrador de sistema poderosa

Às vezes, é fundamental encontrar rapidamente o arquivo ou as informações desejadas no sistema. Às vezes, você pode se limitar às funções de pesquisa padrão que qualquer gerenciador de arquivos agora possui, mas elas não podem ser comparadas com as capacidades do terminal.

find – , , :

• .
• .
• .

:

• .
• .
• .

find Linux .

find:

$ find directory-to-search criteria action

:

• directory-to-search ( ) – , find , . , ;
• criteria () – , ;
• action () – , .

s.txt :

$ find . -name "s.txt"
./s.txt

:

• . () –
• -name – . .

-name S.txt . –iname.

$ find . -iname "s.txt"
./s.txt
./S.txt

c .png *.png:

$ find . -name "*.png"
./babutafb.png
./babutafacebook.png
./Moodle2.png
./moodle.png
./moodle/moodle1.png
./genxfacebook.png

. , find png home:

$ find /home -name "*.png"
find: `/home/babuta/.ssh': Permission denied
/home/vagrant/Moodle2.png
/home/vagrant/moodle.png
/home/tisha/hello.png
find: `/home/tisha/testfiles': Permission denied
find: `/home/tisha/data': Permission denied
/home/tisha/water.png
find: `/home/tisha/.cache': Permission denied

, – 2> /dev/null. dev/null, .

find /home -name "*.jpg" 2>/dev/null
/home/vagrant/Moodle2.jpg
/home/vagrant/moodle.jpg
/home/tisha/hello.jpg
/home/tisha/water.jpg

-type , :

• f – ;
• d – ;
• l – ;
• b – (dev);
• c – (dev);
• p – ;
• s – ;

, -type d :

$ find . -type d
.
./.ssh
./.cache
./moodle

, . -size.

• "+" —
• "-" —
• , .

1 (+1G).

$ find . -size +1G
./Microsoft_Office_16.29.19090802_Installer.pkg
./android-studio-ide-183.5692245-mac.dmg

:

• c —
• k —
• M —
• G —

-empty .

$ find . -empty
./.cloud-locale-test.skip
./datafiles
./b.txt
...
./.cache/motd.legal-displayed

-cmin . , ( 60 ), -60:

$ find . -cmin -60
.
./a.txt
./datafiles

, ( 60 ).

, +60.

$ find . -cmin +60

-atime .

$ find . -atime +180

, (180 ).

–user username , :

$ find /home -user tisha 2>/dev/null

tisha home, 2>/dev/null .

-perm – .

$ find /home -perm 777

777.

:

• -and
• -or
• -not

, 1 tisha :

$ find /home  -user tisha  -and  -size +1G  2>/dev/null

tisha, pokeristo, 1 .

$ find /home \( -user pokeristo -or -user tisha \)  -and  -size +1G  2>/dev/null

"\".

find , .

• -delete —
• -ls — :
  
  
  • .
  • inode.
• -print , . .
• -exec .

-delete

, , :

$ find . -empty -delete

. -print.

-exec:

.

-exec command {} \;

:

• command – , . :
  
  
  • rm
  • mv
  • cp
• {} – .
• \; — .

–exec –delete :

$ find . -empty -exec rm {} \;

-exec:

$ find . -name "*.jpg" -exec cp {} /backups/fotos \;

.jpg backups/fotos

find :

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• .
• .
• ( ).
• .
• .
• .
• .

, :

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find , – .