Clever Geek Handbook

Consumo de energia de aplicativos Android

Seus usuários reclamam que o aplicativo está drenando a energia do telefone muito rapidamente? Um serviço em execução em segundo plano pára repentinamente? As mensagens do FCM não chegam ao usuário? O que conecta essas três questões sérias? A resposta é simples - trabalho estruturado incorretamente com o consumo de energia do aplicativo.



Vamos dar uma olhada nos principais pontos relacionados a este tópico. Talvez isso permita que você no futuro evite os erros enfrentados pela maioria dos desenvolvedores de aplicativos móveis.



Existe uma grande quantidade de informações dispersas na Internet, cujo agrupamento em um único guia geral foi um dos principais objetivos deste artigo.



imagem



informação geral



O Android tem os seguintes recursos de plataforma para otimizar o consumo de energia:





O Android 6 apresenta dois recursos para conservar a energia da bateria, controlando o comportamento dos aplicativos quando o dispositivo não está carregando:



  • Modo Soneca.
  • App em espera.


Modo Soneca



Doze, (maintenance window). .



- , Doze. , , Jobs, Alarms.



Doze, . (maintenance window) , Jobs, Alarms .





maintenance windows, , .



Doze :





Doze:





App StandBy, App StandBy Buckets



App StandBy , , . App StandBy , :



  • .
  • ( Foreground service, Activity).
  • , .
  • .


, Standby, . , .



, «» Samsung.



Android 9 . :





targetSdk.



App StandBy Buckets , . . , , , .



, :



  • Active. , . .. Activity, Foreground service, synchronized adapter, , . , .
  • Working set. , , . .
  • Frequent. , , . , FCM .
  • Rare. , . FCM . .
  • Never. , , . .


.



, , . . , Rare Active, , . , .



App StandBy Buckets:



  • , .
  • Launcher Activity, .
  • . , .
  • high-priority FCM-, , . high-priority, , normal-priority.


Firebase Cloud Messaging App StandBy Doze



FCM . FCM Doze App StandBy FCM-. , Doze App StandBy. , .





Doze Mode



  • ADB (android device bridge) :


export PATH=«~/Library/Android/sdk/platform-tools»:$PATH


  • :


adb shell dumpsys deviceidle force-idle


  • :


adb shell dumpsys deviceidle unforce


  • :


adb shell dumpsys battery reset


  • .


App StandBy Android < 9



  • App StandBy:


$ adb shell dumpsys battery unplug
$ adb shell am set-inactive <package_name> true


  • :


$ adb shell am set-inactive <package_name> false
$ adb shell am get-inactive <package_name>


  • . , . , .


App Standby Buckets



App StandBy bucket :



adb shell am set-standby-bucket <package_name> active|working_set|frequent|rare


, :



adb shell am get-standby-bucket <package_name>




  • :


adb shell cmd appops set <package_name> RUN_ANY_IN_BACKGROUND ignore


  • :


adb shell cmd appops set <package_name> RUN_ANY_IN_BACKGROUND allow


Battery safety



  • :




  • :


adb shell settings put global low_power 1


  • :


adb shell dumpsys battery reset


.



, Android 7:



  • `CONNECTIVITY_ACTION`, receiver . receiver , .
  • `ACTION_NEW_PICTURE` `ACTION_NEW_VIDEO`.


, Android 9:



, , . :



  • wake locks.
  • .


.



Battery Historian



Battery Historian . , , .



Battery Historian



Docker.



  • ADB (android device bridge) :


export PATH=«~/Library/Android/sdk/platform-tools»:$PATH


  • .
  • ADB-.


adb kill-server


  • : 



adb devices


  • : 





adb shell dumpsys batterystats --reset


  • .
  • .
  • , :


adb devices


  • :


adb shell dumpsys batterystats > [path/b]batterystats.txt


  • :


adb bugreport [path/]bugreport.zip


  • ( ):


docker run -p 5554:5554 gcr.io/android-battery-historian/stable:3.0 --port 5554




  • BatteryHistorian:




, , wake locks, JobScheduler . , , . - , .



Energy Profiler



Energy Profiler — Android Studio . , . , .



BatteryStats + UI-



, BatteryStats UI-.



  • bash-:


echo Write test class path e.g. <____>
read testName
export PATH=«~/Library/Android/sdk/platform-tools»:$PATH
adb shell dumpsys battery unplug
adb shell dumpsys batterystats --reset
adb shell am instrument -w  \ -e class $testName \ com.myapp.test/androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner
adb shell dumpsys batterystats | awk -f BatteryStatsParseScript.awk > BatteryTestsResult.txt
adb shell dumpsys batterystats > BatteryTestsResultFull.txt
adb shell dumpsys batterystats reset
echo You can find the output file in the parent directory named BatteryTestsResult.txt


  • . , `com.myApp.MyTestEspressoTest`.
  • ADB.
  • .
  • BatteryStats.
  • , , , .
  • .awk-. BatteryTestsResultFull.txt ( , ).
  • .
  • BatteryStats.
  • !


, , .awk-. , .. , , . BatteryTestsResult.txt :



Estimated battery capacity: 3700 mAh

Time on battery: 32s 609ms (100.0%) realtime, 32s 610ms (100.0%) uptime

App Uid u0a358
Cpu Usage: 1.56 mAh
Radio Usage:  mAh
WiFi Usage: 0.0476 mAh
Wake Usage:  mAh
Sensor Usage:  mAh
GPS Usage: 0.0417 mAh
Total App Usage: 1.65mAh

Total time in seconds: 32 seconds
Usage per second: 0.0515625 mAh/seconds

User activity: 14 touch

Wi-Fi network: 335.22KB received, 342.84KB sent (packets 745 received, 758 sent)


, BatteryStats. .awk- .



P.S. Samsung



https://dontkillmyapp.com, , . , , Samsung . .



Samsung S8 App Power Monitor. , whitelist. Samsung — « ».



, :





, Android-, , , . , — , . .



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